a special test that is performed by an experienced radiologist where a plastic tube or catheter is inserted into one of the blood vessels in the groin and is then advanced to the blood vessels in the neck. Using this test, multiple tumors can be identified and arterial blood vessels feeding the tumor can be clotted off.

a vessel which carries richly oxygenated blood from the heart to other organs

a nerve which transmits taste information from the front two-thirds of the tongue back to the brain. The nerve travels through the middle ear close to the ossicles. 

a computerized tomography scan or special X-ray which allows more detailed views of bony structures and soft tissue

a procedure done during angiography which involves blocking the blood vessels supplying blood to the tumor 

a paraganglioma which arises from paraganglia around the jugular bulb 

a paraganglioma which arises from paraganglia in the middle ear 

a vein that collects blood from the brain and empties eventually into the heart 

a venous cavity which receives blood from the sigmoid sinus and empties into the internal jugular vein

the three bones behind the eardrum, namely the malleus, incus and stapes 

cells located around the middle ear, jugular bulb, or carotid artery in the neck which are thought to detect oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream

part of the inner ear involved in gathering information on head motion

a large vein found deep within the mastoid which collects blood from the brain and empties into the jugular bulb

ringing or noise in the ears

a vessel that carries blood away from other organs and to the heart. The red blood cells within veins have a lower oxygen content.